Concept

Ambient — where it appears

The temperature of everything on the board other than the fight being considered, which decides whether a move in that fight is answered. It is a property of the surroundings rather than of the position, so the same local shape is sente in one game and gote in another.

Named by 8 essays across one field — each of them below, with the objects they name alongside it.

Two feet, and the one that halves the crossover. The thermographs of two follow-ups, drawn to the same scale. The first has a right wall that leans in from the axis and its move is answered up to the follow-up's full temperature; the second has a wall rising vertically first and its move is answered only to half of it.

What the halving is a function of

A move is answered while the board is cooler than the follow-up's temperature — or half of it, depending which of two classes the position is in, and the classes were stated in terms of forms. They are a feature of one wall: whether the follow-up's right wall rises straight up before it leans. Fifty-five positions, no exception, and the crossover becomes something a reader can see.

temperature · Sente
When the players stop taking coupons. Every pair of fights from a pool of nine, played beside a coupon stack, with the coupon standing when somebody first plays on the board. Sixty of the eighty-one leave exactly when the coupon falls to the board's temperature.

When to leave the environment

A Go player's question is not which fight to take but when to stop taking the small stuff. Put two fights beside a stack of coupons and the orthodox answer — leave when the coupon falls to the hottest temperature on the board — is exact on sixty of eighty-one pairs. All twenty-one departures have a fight with a follow-up in them, and every pair of plain switches leaves on time.

temperature · Coupons
The same temperature, and four different departures. Positions with a temperature of one whose follow-ups are worth different amounts, with the coupon at which the players leave the environment. The departure tracks the follow-up.

How big the answer is

The rung below found every early departure from a coupon stack caused by a position with a follow-up, and could not say more: its follow-ups were all of a similar size, so the class it measured was one bit. A pool graded by follow-up size answers it. With the position's own temperature held at one, the departure runs from coupon 1 to coupon 3.5 as the follow-up's temperature runs from 1 to 4 — and over the whole grid the players leave at the larger of the two temperatures.

temperature · Coupons
The crossover by depth. How far the ambient temperature can rise with the move still answered, by how deep the fight goes. Where the answer settles the fight it is the follow-up's temperature; deeper it is that less a half.

A subtraction, not a factor

The crossover factor was a half on fights whose answer starts another fight, measured on a pool with two three-deep positions in it. A pool built to be deep gives twenty, and the factor does not survive them: the crossover is the follow-up's temperature less a half on eighteen of the twenty, and a factor of a half agrees with that only where the temperature is one — which nearly every position in the earlier pool had.

temperature · Sente
Two clauses, one formula. The law split by which of the two temperatures is the smaller. When the answer is colder the correction is half of it; when it is hotter the correction saturates at half the fight's own temperature.

Half of the smaller temperature

The correction to the sente crossover has been priced twice — first as a factor of a half, then as a subtraction of a half — each time on a pool whose answers were all about the same size. Over 128 fights with answers from a number up to a temperature of six, the correction is half the answer's temperature, saturating at half the fight's own. Both earlier readings are regions of that one law.

temperature · Sente
The ordering that does not order. Playing in the hottest component against playing by the larger of a component's two temperatures, over 220 boards. The proposed rule is exact far less often and its worst case is nine times as bad.

The quantity that does not order a board

The rung below found the players leaving an environment at the larger of a position's two temperatures, and proposed that a board should therefore be played in the order of that quantity. Over 220 boards of three components it plays exactly on 124 against playing-in-the-hottest's 196, loses 85 of the 97 disagreements, breaks Hotstrat's guarantee on six boards, and costs nine points on its worst one.

temperature · Coupons
The rule that was supposed to lose. Five ordering rules on the same 220 boards. Playing where the temperature less the answer's is largest is exact more often than playing in the hottest component, which is what the rung below predicted it would not do.

A rule that beats the hottest

The rung below proposed the reverse of the rule that had just failed — discount a component by its answer's temperature rather than promoting it — and predicted, before the sweep, that it would not beat playing in the hottest component. It does. It plays exactly on 201 of 220 three-component boards against 196, wins two thirds of the boards where the two disagree, keeps inside a guarantee proved for the other rule, and the gap widens as the board grows.

temperature · Coupons
The third temperature is not consulted. Positions grouped by their two top temperatures, with the third temperatures they hold between them. The crossover is the same for every position in a group however far apart their third temperatures are.

The two numbers at the top

The rung below found the crossover of a sente fight to be its temperature less half its answer's, and said a proof would settle the depth question with it. The depth question is settled without the proof, by construction: group the positions by their two top temperatures and the crossover is single-valued on every group, however far apart the third temperature is — and the formula survives a fourth level of fight, which the rung below never reached.

temperature · Sente

Named alongside it

The objects these essays reach for when they reach for this one.

EnumerationFollow-upSenteTemperatureStrategySwitchCounterexampleMean valueThermographBoundCoupon stackInvariant

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